1. normal anion gap is (in mEq/l) 25 to 30 3 to 5 10 to 12 18 to 20 2. cyanosis does not occur in severe anemia because oxygen carrying capacity of available Hb is increased oxygen hemoglobin curve shift to the right hypoxia stimulates erythropoietin production critical conc of Hb required to produce cyanosis is reduced 3. Role of bile salts Emulsification of lipids Fatty acid degradation Formation of lipid bilayer Vit B12 absorption 4. Which of the following lung volumes or capacities cannot be measured directly using simple spirometry? Inspiratory reserve volume Expiratory reserve volume Tidal volume Functional residual capacity 5. Stimulating glossopharyngeal afferent fibers that supply the carotid sinus would most likely cause which of the following changes? Hypertension with tachycardia Hypertension with bradycardia Hypotension with tachycardia Hypotension with bradycardia 6. which of the following statements is true clearance of a substance is always more than GFR if there is tubular secretion fluid coming from the descending limb of loop of henle is hypotonic if clearance of substance is greater than GFR then tubular secretion must be present descending limb of loop of henle is permeable to solutes 7. GFR measurement help in determining Heart rate Stage of kidney disease Recovery from shock Blood volume 8. A 60-year-old man presents with signs of hypoxemia due to hypoventilation. Which of the following could be the cause of hypoxemia in this patient? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) Anemia Fibrosis Right-to-left cardiac shunt 9. which of the following is not involved in intrinsic pathway factor VII factor IX factor XII factorXI 10. Dicrotic notch is caused by Closure of mitral valve Opening of mitral valve Closure of aortic valve Opening of aortic valve 11. Absence of which of the following cell types is responsible for loss of vitamin B12 absorption? Parietal cells Chief cells G cells Goblet cells 12. the primary action of nitric oxide in the gastrointestinal tract is gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction vasoconstriction gastrointestinal smooth muscle relaxation vasodilation 13. A decrease in which of the following is the most likely cause of peripheral edema in a patient with long-term alcoholism and liver disease? Capillary hydrostatic pressure Interstitial hydrostatic pressure Interstitial colloid osmotic pressure Plasma colloid osmotic pressure 14. All of the following affect resting ventilation except PCO2 Stretch receptors Oxygen J receptors 15. Hypoxia due to slowing of circulation is Stagnant Histotoxic Anemic None 16. A newborn infant has multiple hemorrhages. Clotting studies demonstrate an elevated prothrombin time and elevated INR. An abnormality of which of the following biochemical processes is likely present in this patient? Conversion of homocysteine to methionine Conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to succinyl CoA Formation of gamma-carboxyglutamate residues Degradation of cystathionine 17. Stability of alveoli is maintained by negative intrapleural pressure Lung compliance Residual air in alveoli Increase in alveolar surface area by the surfactant 18. capacitance of sperms take place in vas deferens epididymis uterus seminiferous tubules 19. When the pulse is greater than 200/min and the blood pressure is 75/40 mm Hg, what adjustments have probably occurred in the cardiac cycle? Systolic time has decreased and diastolic time has increased Systolic time has decreased but diastolic time has decreased more Diastolic time has decreased but systolic time has decreased more Diastolic time has decreased and systolic time has increased 20. Conversion of angiotensin-I to angiotensin-II occurs in RBCs Lung kidneys Liver Loading … Question 1 of 20
